Rebar Calculator

Calculate reinforcement steel quantities, bar bending schedule, cutting lengths, lap lengths, and cost. Y8 to Y32 bars with African steel prices.

Bar ScheduleCutting LengthsLap LengthsCost Estimate
Bar Size Reference
BarDia (mm)Weight (kg/m)Area (mm²)Std LengthLap (Tension 40d)Lap (Comp 25d)
R660.22228.312m240mm150mm
R880.39550.312m320mm200mm
R10100.61778.512m400mm250mm
Y880.39550.312m320mm200mm
Y10100.61778.512m400mm250mm
Y12120.888113.112m480mm300mm
Y16161.579201.112m640mm400mm
Y20202.466314.212m800mm500mm
Y25253.854490.912m1000mm625mm
Y32326.313804.212m1280mm800mm

R = Mild steel (stirrups/links). Y = High yield deformed bar (main reinforcement). Standard bar length in Africa: 12m.

Bar ScheduleEnter bars for your element
Bar SizeDescriptionLength (m)Quantity
Cost Estimate
Total Reinforcement Weight
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Bar Bending Schedule

Reinforcement Steel Calculator for African Construction

Every reinforced concrete structure in Africa needs accurately calculated steel reinforcement. Under-reinforcing leads to structural failure; over-reinforcing wastes money. This calculator helps engineers, quantity surveyors, and contractors determine exact bar quantities, weights, cutting lengths, and costs — all calibrated for the bar sizes and steel prices used across African construction.

Bar Sizes Used in Africa

African construction uses metric deformed bars (Y-bars) for main reinforcement: Y8, Y10, Y12, Y16, Y20, Y25, and Y32. Mild steel round bars (R-bars) — R6, R8, R10 — are used for stirrups, links, and distribution steel. The standard bar length across Africa is 12 metres, supplied by manufacturers like Ajaokuta Steel (Nigeria), Devki Steel (Kenya), ArcelorMittal (South Africa), and Sentuo Steel (Ghana).

Cutting Length Adjustments

The actual cutting length of a bar differs from its measured length due to bends and hooks. A standard 90-degree hook adds approximately 9d (9 times the bar diameter) to the length. Each 90-degree bend deducts 2d. These adjustments are critical for accurate steel ordering and site cutting — this calculator applies them automatically based on your specified bar shapes.

Lap Lengths

Where bars are joined (lapped), the overlap must be sufficient to transfer forces. In tension zones, the standard lap length is 40d (40 times the bar diameter). In compression zones, 25d is typical. For Y16 bars in tension, this means a 640mm overlap. Inadequate lapping is a common cause of structural failure in African buildings — always verify lap lengths with your structural engineer.

Steel Prices in Africa

Reinforcement steel prices fluctuate significantly across Africa. In Nigeria, prices range from ₦650,000 to ₦750,000 per tonne (2024 prices). Kenya averages KSh 120,000-140,000 per tonne. South Africa ranges from R15,000-18,000. Ghana is approximately GHS 12,000-15,000. Always verify current prices with your supplier before ordering — steel is one of the most volatile construction materials.

Frequently Asked Questions

How do I calculate the weight of reinforcement steel?
Weight (kg) = unit weight (kg/m) × length (m) × quantity. For example, 10 bars of Y16 at 6m each: 1.579 kg/m × 6m × 10 = 94.74 kg. The unit weight formula is: diameter² × 0.00617 (for diameter in mm).
How many Y12 bars are in one tonne?
One Y12 bar weighs 0.888 kg/m × 12m = 10.66 kg. So one tonne (1,000 kg) contains approximately 94 bars of Y12. For Y16: 1.579 × 12 = 18.95 kg per bar, so ~53 bars per tonne.
What is the standard lap length for Y16?
In tension: 40 × 16mm = 640mm. In compression: 25 × 16mm = 400mm. Some structural engineers specify 45d or 50d for critical elements. Always follow the structural drawings and engineer's specifications.
Should I add wastage when ordering steel?
Yes — always add 10% for standard projects (cutting waste, bending waste, site losses). For complex shapes or small quantities, add 15%. A well-planned cutting schedule can reduce wastage to 5-7%.
What is a bar bending schedule (BBS)?
A BBS is a table listing every reinforcement bar in a structural element: bar mark, type, size, number, length of each bar, shape code, and total weight. It's used for ordering steel, cutting at the bending yard, and checking on site. This calculator generates a basic BBS for your bars.