Sudan
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Sudan's tax system is administered by the Taxation Chamber Authority (TCA) and applies a progressive personal income tax known as the Business Profit Tax and Personal Income Tax with rates from 0% to 15%, denominated in the Sudanese Pound (SDG). Sudan maintains one of the lower maximum personal income tax rates in Africa, with rates progressing from a tax-free threshold through intermediate bands before reaching the top marginal rate of 15%. Employees in Sudan contribute to the National Social Insurance Fund (NSIF) for social security, with the employee share typically at 8% and the employer contribution at 17% of gross salary, for a combined social security rate of 25% covering pensions, disability, and survivors' benefits. This combined rate is among the higher social contribution burdens on the African continent. Sudan applies a Value Added Tax at a standard rate of 17% on most goods and services, with exemptions for essential foodstuffs, medical supplies, and educational materials. The fiscal year follows the calendar year, and employers must withhold income tax and remit it to the TCA within established monthly deadlines. Sudan's economy has undergone significant changes since the secession of South Sudan in 2011, which took approximately 75% of the country's oil reserves. The economy is now driven by agriculture (including cotton, gum arabic, and livestock), gold mining, and services. The SDG has experienced significant depreciation and inflationary pressures in recent years. Sudan has been implementing economic reforms including subsidy reductions and exchange rate unification to stabilize the economy and attract international investment. AfroTools provides free TCA-compliant income tax calculators, NSIF contribution tools, currency converters, and salary breakdown tools for Sudan. All tools are updated for the current tax year and available at no cost.