JAMB Government 2011

25 reviewed questions with answers and explanations.

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Question 1

The development of attitudes and beliefs about a political system is

  1. political emancipation
  2. political socialization
  3. political participation
  4. political orientation
Answer and explanation

B: political socialization

Political socialization is the learning process through which people develop attitudes, values and beliefs about political life. It can occur through family, education, peers and experience.

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Question 4

Which of the following is a feature of democracy?

  1. interdependence of states
  2. state responsibilities to society
  3. power vested in minority parties
  4. popular consultation
Answer and explanation

D: popular consultation

Popular consultation gives citizens an opportunity to influence public decisions. This participation is a democratic characteristic, unlike assigning governing power specifically to a minority party.

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Question 5

Private ownership of the means of production is central to

  1. fascism
  2. feudalism
  3. capitalism
  4. communism
Answer and explanation

C: capitalism

Capitalism is centred on private ownership of productive assets and enterprise. Communism instead seeks common ownership, while the other labels do not define this economic arrangement.

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Question 9

Members of a parliament are required to report the proceedings of the house to their

  1. constituencies
  2. local government chairmen
  3. traditional rulers
  4. political parties
Answer and explanation

A: constituencies

Members of parliament represent their constituents and should explain their parliamentary work to them. This supports accountability between elected representatives and the communities they serve.

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Question 10

Which of the following is a unitary state?

  1. Nigeria
  2. India
  3. United States of America
  4. Ghana
Answer and explanation

D: Ghana

Ghanas constitution defines it as a unitary republic. Nigeria, India and the United States organize national and constituent-unit powers within federal structures.

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Question 11

Ending a session of parliament by royal proclamation means the

  1. expiration of parliament
  2. prorogation of parliament
  3. adjournment of parliament
  4. dissolution of parliament
Answer and explanation

B: prorogation of parliament

Prorogation ends a parliamentary session. Dissolution ends the parliament itself and is associated with an election; adjournment is a shorter interruption of sittings.

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Question 15

Constitutionalism refers to

  1. the process of drafting a constitution
  2. amendment of an existing constitution
  3. the process of operating a constitution
  4. strict adherence to a constitution
Answer and explanation

D: strict adherence to a constitution

Constitutionalism means adherence to constitutional limits in the exercise of power. Drafting or amending a constitution does not itself demonstrate that those limits are respected.

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Question 17

One essential duty of a citizen to his state is to

  1. support the government in power
  2. recite the pledge
  3. pay his tax
  4. encourage other citizens
Answer and explanation

C: pay his tax

Paying taxes when legally liable is a civic duty that supports public services. Citizenship does not require unconditional support for the government of the day.

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Question 18

Franchise in an electoral process means the

  1. right to vote
  2. ownership of means of production
  3. the sovereignty of a nation
  4. rights and duties of a citizen
Answer and explanation

A: right to vote

In elections, franchise means the right to vote. It is narrower than citizenship as a whole, which includes other rights and responsibilities.

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Question 19

The type of party system in practice is defined by the

  1. relationship between the parties and electorate
  2. structure of the political parties
  3. manner in which the parties operate
  4. number of political parties in a country
Answer and explanation

D: number of political parties in a country

Party systems are commonly classified by the number of significant competing parties, such as one-party, two-party and multiparty systems. Party organization is a separate characteristic.

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Question 20

Pressure groups harmonize different individual concerns through

  1. interest formulation
  2. interest manipulation
  3. interest mobilisation
  4. interest aggregation
Answer and explanation

D: interest aggregation

Interest aggregation combines separate individual demands into a shared set of priorities. This helps a group present a coherent position to policymakers.

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Question 21

Opinion polls are organized to find out the

  1. benefits derived by people from government
  2. people's thought about a particular government policy
  3. people’s expectation from the government
  4. feelings of people about particular issues and policies
Answer and explanation

D: feelings of people about particular issues and policies

Opinion polls measure how people feel about specified issues and policies. A representative sample and neutral questions help estimate the distribution of those views.

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Question 27

The main achievement of the nationalists in Nigeria was

  1. registration of political parties
  2. economic liberation of the nation
  3. political liberation of the nation
  4. building the nation
Answer and explanation

C: political liberation of the nation

The nationalist movement's decisive political achievement was independence from colonial rule. Political independence did not by itself complete economic development or resolve every nation-building challenge.

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Question 29

The presidential system of government was introduced in Nigeria with the Constitution of

  1. 1989
  2. 1999
  3. 1960
  4. 1979
Answer and explanation

D: 1979

The 1979 Constitution introduced the presidential system used for the Second Republic. It replaced the earlier parliamentary model with an executive president.

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Question 32

The rules and regulations of the civil service are called?

  1. General Orders
  2. Bureaucratic Order
  3. Service Order
  4. Administrative Order
Answer and explanation

A: General Orders

General Orders is the traditional term for the civil service's governing rules and procedures. These rules guide official conduct, discipline and administration.

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Question 35

The principle of federal character was adopted in order to promote equitable allocation of

  1. positions and appointments among people of various regions
  2. appointments between the North and the South
  3. opportunities between the males and females
  4. revenue between groups in the country
Answer and explanation

A: positions and appointments among people of various regions

Federal character seeks equitable representation of the country's different areas in public appointments. Its scope is broader than a simple division between North and South.

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Question 40

Under whose regime were Akwa Ibom and Katsina States created?

  1. Gen Murtala Muhammed
  2. Gen Ibrahim Babangida
  3. Gen Sani Abacha
  4. Gen Yakubu Gowon
Answer and explanation

B: Gen Ibrahim Babangida

Akwa Ibom and Katsina were created in 1987 during Ibrahim Babangida's administration. They were carved from Cross River and Kaduna respectively.

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Question 41

Under the 1999 Constitutions of the Federal Republic of Nigeria, the appointment and posting of members of election tribunal on the elections conducted by INEC is the responsibility of the

  1. Chairman, Independent National Electoral Commission
  2. President of Nigeria
  3. Chief Justice of Nigeria
  4. President, Court of Appeal
Answer and explanation

D: President, Court of Appeal

The President of the Court of Appeal appoints members of the constitutionally specified election tribunals, consulting relevant judicial heads. This is distinct from INEC's responsibility for conducting elections.

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Question 42

Rhodesia was the former name of

  1. Zimbabwe
  2. Swaziland
  3. Zambia
  4. Namibia
Answer and explanation

A: Zimbabwe

Rhodesia was the name commonly used for the territory that became Zimbabwe in 1980. Northern Rhodesia was a different territory that became Zambia.

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Question 43

The adoption of non-alignment as a principle of Nigeria's foreign policy was aimed at

  1. promoting Nigeria's leadership aspiration in Africa
  2. attaining equal status with the world powers
  3. fulfilling a basic requirement for acceptance in the UN Security Council
  4. insulating Nigeria against having to take side in the Cold War
Answer and explanation

D: insulating Nigeria against having to take side in the Cold War

During the Cold War, non-alignment sought to keep foreign-policy decisions independent of the rival power blocs. It did not require neutrality on every issue or give automatic membership of the Security Council.

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Question 45

Which of the following was the secretary general of OPEC?

  1. Jibril Aminu
  2. Aret Adams
  3. Dalhatu Bayero
  4. Rilwanu Lukman
Answer and explanation

D: Rilwanu Lukman

Rilwanu Lukman served as OPEC Secretary General from January 1995 through December 2000. This office is distinct from the rotating presidency of the OPEC Conference.

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Question 46

Which of the following countries pioneered the idea of ECOWAS alongside Nigeria?

  1. Liberia
  2. Togo
  3. Cote d'Ivoire
  4. Mali
Answer and explanation

B: Togo

Togo worked with Nigeria in developing the initiative that led to ECOWAS in 1975. The roles of Gowon and Eyadema were central to the negotiations for regional integration.

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Question 47

Which of the following international organizations were in existence before the Second World War?

  1. The UNO
  2. The OAU
  3. The League of Nations
  4. The ECOWAS
Answer and explanation

C: The League of Nations

The League of Nations existed between the world wars. The United Nations, OAU and ECOWAS were founded after the outbreak of World War II in 1939.

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Question 48

Which UN organ adopts the organization's budget?

  1. Secretariate
  2. Security Council
  3. General Assembly
  4. Economic and Social Council
Answer and explanation

C: General Assembly

The General Assembly adopts the UN budget, while the Secretariat prepares proposals and carries out administration. Budgetary authority is distinct from the Security Council's peace and security role.

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Question 49

Each member state is represented on the Board of Governors of OPEC for a period of

  1. 2 years
  2. 3 years
  3. 4 years
  4. 1 year
Answer and explanation

A: 2 years

An OPEC governor's term of office is two years under the OPEC Statute. This is distinct from the Secretary General's term and the chairmanship of the Board.

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