21 reviewed questions with answers and explanations.
Practice selection: full-paper coverage has not been confirmed.
Question 6
The structure of the civil service is based on
- lateral organisation
- merit system
- patronage system
- hierarchical organisation
Answer and explanation
D: hierarchical organisation
Civil-service structure is hierarchical: offices are arranged in levels of authority and responsibility. Merit concerns recruitment or promotion, rather than the organizational chain itself.
AI-reviewed · source checked
Question 9
The final interpretation of the provisions of a federal constitution is vested in the
- head of state
- council of state
- highest legislative body
- highest court of the land.
Answer and explanation
D: highest court of the land.
The highest competent court gives the final judicial interpretation of constitutional provisions. This enables constitutional disputes between levels of government to be resolved through legal adjudication.
AI-reviewed · source checked
Question 11
Proportional representation is a system of allocating seats in the legislature based on
- gender participation in politics
- an area’s involvement in politics
- contribution to the national economy
- total votes in an election
Answer and explanation
D: total votes in an election
Proportional representation allocates legislative seats in relation to the votes won by competing parties or groups. Seat shares broadly follow electoral support rather than economic contributions or geographic involvement.
AI-reviewed · source checked
Question 14
Oligarchy is a form of government which
- enhances the interest of the ruling few
- enhances the electoral chances of the majority
- disregards the views of the minority
- protects the interest of the common people
Answer and explanation
A: enhances the interest of the ruling few
Oligarchy is government by a small group and commonly advances that ruling groups interests. It contrasts with broad popular control of government.
AI-reviewed · source checked
Question 16
Centralization of power is the basic feature of
- federalism
- a confederation
- a presidential system
- a unitary government
Answer and explanation
D: a unitary government
A unitary government concentrates ultimate constitutional authority at the national centre. Federalism divides powers constitutionally, while confederations leave substantial authority with member states.
AI-reviewed · source checked
Question 20
The principle of checks and balances reinforces separation of powers in order to
- protect the powers of the executive
- make the legislature more powerful
- prevent an unconstitutional change of government
- prevent the emergence of dictatorship
Answer and explanation
D: prevent the emergence of dictatorship
Checks and balances enable institutions to restrain one another and prevent excessive concentration of power. Combined with separation of powers, they reduce the risk of dictatorship.
AI-reviewed · source checked
Question 21
Legislative control of public corporations in Nigeria is effected through
- the dissolution of their management
- the reorganization of their boards
- acts of the National Assembly
- byelaws
Answer and explanation
C: acts of the National Assembly
The legislature controls federal public corporations through enabling Acts and amendments that define their powers and accountability. Management decisions are a separate aspect of administration.
AI-reviewed · source checked
Question 22
The Ibadan Conference of 1950 was convened to discuss the provisions of the
- Macpherson Constitution
- Clifford Constitution
- Lyttelton Constitution
- Richards Constitution
Answer and explanation
A: Macpherson Constitution
The 1950 Ibadan Conference formed part of the consultations that produced the Macpherson Constitution of 1951. It discussed the proposed constitutional arrangements before they came into force.
AI-reviewed · source checked
Question 26
The body set up to review the revenue allocation formula in 1980 was the
- Udoji Commission
- Okigbo Commission
- Dina Commission
- Adebo Commission
Answer and explanation
B: Okigbo Commission
The Okigbo Commission reviewed revenue allocation in 1980. Its recommendations addressed both the division among government levels and the criteria for sharing among states.
AI-reviewed · source checked
Question 27
In pre-colonial Igbo society, decisions on public issues were reached mainly through
- the oracles
- consensus
- imposition
- majority votes
Answer and explanation
B: consensus
In the village-assembly model of Igbo government, participants discussed public matters to reach a consensus. This describes the assembly process rather than a rule imposed by one ruler.
AI-reviewed · source checked
Question 29
The constitution that introduced restricted franchise into Nigerian politics was the
- Independence Constitution
- Lyttelton Constitution
- Richards Constitution
- Clifford Constitution
Answer and explanation
D: Clifford Constitution
The Clifford Constitution introduced limited elections in Lagos and Calabar. Its restricted franchise is distinguished from universal voting rights extended to all eligible adults.
AI-reviewed · source checked
Question 33
The main function of the Code of Conduct Bureau is to
- ensure accountability in government business
- give the judiciary more powers to discipline erring judges
- protect public officers from the press
- give the police more powers to make arrests
Answer and explanation
A: ensure accountability in government business
The Code of Conduct Bureau promotes public accountability through duties such as receiving asset declarations and monitoring compliance with conduct requirements. It does not exist to shield officials from scrutiny.
AI-reviewed · source checked
Question 36
One major factor that differentiates the presidential from the parliamentary system is
- separation of powers
- judicial independence
- passage of bills
- party system
Answer and explanation
A: separation of powers
Presidential government institutionally separates the executive from the legislature. Parliamentary government normally draws the executive from parliament and makes it accountable to parliamentary confidence.
AI-reviewed · source checked
Question 37
The main legislative body in Nigeria between 1966 and 1975 was the
- Supreme Military Council
- Armed Forces Ruling Council
- Provisional Ruling Council
- National Security Council
Answer and explanation
A: Supreme Military Council
The Supreme Military Council was the principal ruling and legislative body during this period of military government. The Armed Forces Ruling Council and Provisional Ruling Council belonged to later administrations.
AI-reviewed · source checked
Question 41
The group of states that conceived the idea of the United Nations Organization included
- the USSR, Italy, the UK and China
- Italy, the UK, France and Japan
- the USA, the USSR, the UK and China
- France, the USA, Canada and Japan
Answer and explanation
C: the USA, the USSR, the UK and China
The United States, Soviet Union, United Kingdom and China developed proposals for the future UN through the Dumbarton Oaks talks. Their consultations helped prepare the organization's framework.
AI-reviewed · source checked
Question 44
Which of the following is a founding member of OPEC?
- Nigeria
- Indonesia
- Venezuela
- Algeria
Answer and explanation
C: Venezuela
Venezuela was one of OPEC's five founding members in 1960, alongside Iran, Iraq, Kuwait and Saudi Arabia. Nigeria, Indonesia and Algeria joined later.
AI-reviewed · source checked
Question 45
In 2002, Ibrahim Gambari was the UN Secretary-General’s Special Adviser on
- African affairs
- political and social matters
- the Economic Commission of Africa
- security matters
Answer and explanation
A: African affairs
Ibrahim Gambari served as the UN Secretary-General’s Special Adviser on Africa from 1999 to 2005. The office concerned African affairs, distinct from his later responsibilities in other UN posts.
AI-reviewed · source checked
Question 46
Who among the following served as Secretary General of OPEC?
- Jibril Aminu
- Aret Adams
- Dan Etete
- Rilwanu Lukman
Answer and explanation
D: Rilwanu Lukman
Rilwanu Lukman served as OPEC Secretary General from 1995 to 2000. The other listed Nigerian petroleum officials did not hold that specific office.
AI-reviewed · source checked
Question 47
Nigeria's active role in the liberation of some countries in Southern Africa earned her
- the chairmanship of the Eminent Persons Group
- membership of SADC
- recognition as the giant of Africa
- the status of a frontline state
Answer and explanation
D: the status of a frontline state
Nigeria was described as a frontline state because of its support for liberation in Southern Africa. This was a political designation despite its geographical distance from the region.
AI-reviewed · source checked
Question 48
Which of these international agencies is Nigeria a member of?
- London Club
- The Infrastructural Development Fund
- The Paris Club
- The International Monetary Fund.
Answer and explanation
D: The International Monetary Fund.
Nigeria is a member of the International Monetary Fund. The Paris and London Clubs are creditor arrangements; a debtor country negotiating with them is not thereby a member of those creditor groups.
AI-reviewed · source checked
Question 49
Nigeria's membership of the ECOWAS is informed by her desire to
- develop a market in the sub-region
- form a sub-regional high command
- become a sub-regional power
- promote economic integration
Answer and explanation
D: promote economic integration
Promoting regional economic integration is the broad purpose of Nigeria's ECOWAS membership. Developing a regional market is one element of that wider objective rather than the whole integration programme.
AI-reviewed · source checked